Utilization of Food Industry By-Products in China(我国食品工业副产物资源化利用现状)
摘要
China is a large agricultural country, and there are a huge amount of the by-products of agricultural products and food industry. In order to promote sustainable development, the resource utilization of these by-products has attracted more and more attention, and the in-depth development and utilization of many by-products have made considerable progress in research and practice, showing good development prospects. The by-products from six major food processing industries, including wheat, soy products, oil, sericulture, pomegranate, and grapes were exampled. And the resource utilization status of food industry wastes such as wheat bran, wheat middlings, soybean dregs, soybean cakes, soybean hulls, lecithin gum, deodorizer distillate, silkworm pupa protein, silkworm pupa oil, pomegranate peel, pomegranate seeds, grape skins, and grape seeds in China were systemically illustrated. Based on the previous work of the author’s research team, this paper introduced the utilization of yellow serofluid made from soy product by-products, the development of polyphenols extracts from pomegranate peel and seed, pomegranate seed oil and grape seed oil with lipid-lowering function, the development and utilization of silkworm pupa protein, active peptides, silkworm pupa oil, silkworm chrysalis chitin and other by-products. It was expected to provide reference for the in-depth development and high-value utilization of by-products of China's food industry.(我国是农业生产大国,农产品及食品工业的副产物数量巨大。为推进可持续化发展,这些副产物的资源化利用越来越受到人们的重视,并且很多副产物的深度开发与利用在研究与实践层面均取得了长足的进步,显示出良好的发展前景。以小麦、豆制品、油脂、蚕桑、石榴、葡萄等6大类食品加工业的副产物为例,系统阐述了我国小麦麸皮、小麦次粉、豆渣、豆粕、豆皮、油脚、脱臭馏出物、蚕蛹蛋白、蚕蛹油、石榴皮、石榴籽、葡萄皮、葡萄籽等食品工业废弃物的资源化利用现状。并以前期工作为基础,分别介绍了豆制品副产物及排放的黄浆水的资源化利用,石榴皮及石榴籽多酚提取物,石榴籽油及葡萄籽油的产品开发,桑蚕副产物制成的蚕蛹蛋白、活性肽、蚕蛹油、蚕蛹甲壳素的开发利用情况等。希望为我国食品工业副产物的深度开发与高值化利用提供借鉴和参考。)