Theory and complete technology for collaborative control of surrounding rock in deep coal mine roadways
摘要
China is rich in deep coal resources. With the continuous depletion of shallow coal resources, deep coal mining is imperative. Currently, over 40 coal mines in China have reached or exceeded a mining depth of 1 000 meters, with the deepest reaching 1 510 meters, mainly distributed in the central and eastern regions and the northeastern mining areas. Additionally, some mining areas in the west, such as the Ordos, Longdong, and Binchang mining areas, have also entered deep mining. Compared with medium and shallow mines, deep mines are characterized by high ground stress, strong mining-induced disturbance, large deformation (in soft rock) and strong impact (in hard rock). The deformation of the surrounding rock in deep mine roadways is marked by strong dilatancy, strong rheology and severely impact damage . The stress environment and geomechanical properties of the surrounding rock in deep roadways were deeply analyzed, and the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock in deep soft rock roadways were studied. It was found that the large deformation in deep soft rock roadways was mainly caused by three types of deformation: dilatancy, rheology of coal and rock mass, and structural rheology. The mechanism of large deformation and instability of the surrounding rock in deep soft rock, high stress and strong mining-induced disturbance roadways was revealed. The concept of coordinated control of surrounding rock support, modification and pressure relief in deep roadways was proposed. The fundamental principle of this coordinated control was expounded. The spatio-temporal coordinated action of various surrounding rock control methods was analyzed. The principle of “three active” coordinated control of surrounding rock support, modification and pressure relief in deep roadways was clarified. Different coordinated control methods of surrounding rock in deep roadways were proposed. The “three-in-one” coordinated control technology of surrounding rock suppo