The Influence of Chronic Disease Comorbidity on Activities of Daily Living in Rural Elderly in Mountainous Areas of Southern Ningxia Based on Latent Category Analysis
摘要
Background With the acceleration of population aging, chronic disease comorbidities have become a major public health problem threatening the health of the elderly. There is a close correlation between chronic disease comorbidity and activity of daily living (ADL). However, there are few studies on the influence of chronic disease comorbidity and comorbidity pattern on ADL. Objective To understand the impact of chronic disease comorbidity on ADL, to provide a reference for improving the quality of life of the elderly. Methods From June to July 2022, a multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to conduct a face-to-face household survey among 20 821 residents in 4 counties of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, including demographic characteristics, chronic diseases, and ADL impairment. In this study, 4 362 elderly people (≥60 years) were included as subjects. Potential category analysis was used to determine comorbidity patterns, and Logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of chronic disease comorbidity and different comorbidity patterns on activities of daily living. Results The prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly included was 62.52% (2 727/4 362), the prevalence of comorbidities was 23.75% (1 036/4 362), the ADL damage rate was 18.36% (801/4 362). Five comorbidity patterns were identified based on the latent category analysis, namely the coronary heart disease comorbidity group, the rheumatoid arthritis comorbidity group, the diabetes comorbidity group, the hypertension comorbidity group, and the multisystem disease comorbidity group. Adjusting for factors such as gender, age, educational level, marital status, occupation, annual per capita household income, smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise status, and self-rated health status, elderly people with comorbidity had 1.909 times (95%CI=1.581-2.305, P<0.05) risk of impaired ADL than those without comorbidity, older adults in the rheumatoid arthritis comorbidity group had