Study on the Control Rate and Influencing Factors of Bronchial Asthma in School-aged Children
摘要
Background Bronchial asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease in children, with a rising global incidence. Due to the unique geographical location and climatic conditions, the prevalence of asthma among children in Lanzhou is relatively high. The level of asthma control is closely related to the quality of life and prognosis of children; however, research on the asthma control status and influencing factors in school-age children in Lanzhou remains limited. Objective To assess the control rate of bronchial asthma in school-aged children in Lanzhou and explore the influencing factors of asthma control levels. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data of school-age children who were diagnosed with bronchial asthma in Department of Pediatric, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child-care Hospital (Gansu Provincial Central Hospital) from 2021 to 2023. According to the Children-Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) score, children were divided into two groups: a controlled group (215 cases, C-ACT score≥23) and an uncontrolled group (199 cases, C-ACT score<23). The clinical data of two groups were collected and compared. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of asthma control levels in school-aged children with bronchial asthma. Results A total of 414 children with bronchial asthma were included in this study, including 244 (58.9%) males and 170 (41.1%) females, with a mean age of (7.64±1.94) years. The asthma control rate among school-aged children with bronchial asthma in Lanzhou was 51.9% (215/414). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that keeping cats or dogs at home (OR=3.075, 95%CI=1.453-6.508, P=0.003), comorbid allergic rhinitis (OR=1.947, 95%CI=1.127-3.364, P=0.017), autumn (OR=3.891, 95%CI=2.008-7.519, P<0.001) and winter (OR=2.227, 95%CI=1.140-4.367, P=0.019) were associated with poor asthma control in school-aged children. Proficiency in inhalation techniques (OR=0.191, 95%CI=0.117