The Influencing Factors of Depression Symptoms in the Chinese Female Elderly Population Based on Health Ecology Models
摘要
Background The elderly population in our country is large and growing rapidly, and depression is a common emotional disorder and mental health problem among the elderly population. The mental health of the female elderly population is increasingly becoming a focus of social concern. Objective To explore the influencing factors of depression symptoms in the female elderly population from a multi-level and comprehensive perspective of health ecology, and provide theoretical basis for identifying and intervening in depression symptoms in the elderly female population in China. Methods In January 2024, we extracted for the 2020 survey data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS), and a group of female elderly adults aged 60 years and above were selected for the study (n=4 594). Based on the health ecology model, the influencing factors were divided into five levels: personal characteristics layer, behavioural characteristics layer, interpersonal network layer, living and working conditions layer, and policy environment layer. The χ2 test and binary Logistic regression model were used to explore the influencing factors of depression symptoms and to establish a health ecology model of depression symptoms in the Chinese female elderly population. Results The detection rate of depression symptoms in the Chinese female elderly population was 48.06% (2 208/4 595). Logistic regression analysis showed that age of ≥80 years (OR=0.601, 95%CI=0.449-0.804), sleep duration of≥6 h (OR=0.561, 95%CI=0.493-0.639), satisfaction with life (OR=0.256, 95%CI=0.199-0.330), better self-rated physical health (OR=0.459, 95%CI=0.395-0.533), urban household registration (OR=0.717, 95%CI=0.603-0.853), satisfaction with children (OR=0.666, 95%CI=0.472-0.940), education level of junior high school and above (OR=0.712, 95%CI=0.582-0.871), family income >50 000 yuan (OR=0.822, 95%CI=0.704-0.959) and the per capita GDP of the city is 50 000 to 100 000 yuan (OR=0.841,