FURTHER STUDIES ON CIRRULICARPUS GMELINI (GRUNOW) TOKIDA ET MASAKI
摘要
Cirrulicarpus Gmelini was first recognized as an independent taxon by Grunow (1867, p. 72) who placed it in the genus Kallymenia.Yendo (1915) transferred the species to Erythrophyllum, where it remained until Tokida and Masaki (1956) founded the new genus, Cirrulicarpus, for this taxon.Tokida and Masaki were the first to record fertile plants of Cirrulicarpus, and they described the tetrasporangiate and cystocarpic specimens.By sectioning the cystocarpic thallus they also observed the carpogonial branch apparatus and a fusion cell.According to Tokida and Masaki there were six cells in the carpbgonial branch, linearly arranged in a strong curve so that the basal cell was brought into close proximity with the carpogonium.They suspected that the basal cell served as the auxiliary cell although the carpogonium was not seen fusing with it.A large fusion cell, formed by all the cells of the carpogonial branch was interpreted by Tokida and Masaki to produce gonimoblast cells.Therefore the carpogonial branch system was believed to be a procarp.The sections of CirrulicarPus Gmelini illustrated by Tokida and Masaki (figs.12-17) clearly showed that the carpogonial branch system is located in the inner cortex, and the trichogyne is long and penetrates through the outer cortex.As the cells of the carpogonial branch system enlarge they grow into the medullary region and often occupy a more or less median position inside the thallus.While the position and organization of the female reproductive apparatus can be observed from sections, it is practically impossible to observe the reproductive structures in their entirety and in isolation from the vegetative cells because the large cells of the female reproductive apparatus are frequently cut and parts of celis or entire cells may be missing from the field.Because the squash technique described by Norris (1957, p. 254) permits entire reproductive structures to be observed, it was used to gain more details about the carpogonial branch