[Expert consensus on etiologic diagnosis and clinical management of acute respiratory tract infection in children (2025 edition)].
摘要
Acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) is a common and prevalent disease in children. Defining its etiology is essential for precise and standardized prevention and treatment. There exists a disparity in the understanding of pathogen detection and clinical management of childhood ARTI among pediatricians at all levels, particularly regarding the lack of a unified definition and diagnostic and therapeutic pathway for ARTI of unknown etiology in children. To improve the rationality of etiological detection for ARTI, optimize treatment strategies and management processes, the Subspecialty Group of Respiratory Diseases, the Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association developed this expert consensus. It addresses initial etiological assessment, diagnostic workflow, selection of diagnostic methods, clinical guidance based on next-generation sequencing results, severity evaluation, empirical treatment and management, as well as early identification and management of emerging and re-emerging infectious respiratory diseases. Based on relevant domestic and international literature and clinical experience, this consensus provides recommendations on the etiological diagnosis and management of childhood ARTI, aiming to uniformly improve the overall level of medical services as well as improve the outcome and prognosis of ARTI in children.