[Precision diagnosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis B: biomarker innovation and application driven by the goal of functional cure].
摘要
The current strategy for managing chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in China focuses on expanding the coverage of antiviral therapy, actively pursuing functional cure, and eliminating hepatitis B as a public health threat. Laboratory diagnostics play a critical role in this process. This review systematically summarizes recent advances and novel discoveries in virological and immunological biomarkers related to HBV infection. We have summarized the roles of these biomarkers in assessing cccDNA transcriptional activity, evaluating the risk of treatment cessation, predicting disease progression, and reflecting host immune function, with an emphasis on their diagnostic value in achieving functional cure and their potential applications in precision diagnosis and treatment of CHB. Additionally, this review highlights the challenges faced by these emerging biomarkers in assay standardization and clinical translation, and provides perspectives on future development. As the pursuit of functional cure advanced and the concept of precision medicine deepened, novel virological and immunological biomarkers assume an increasingly pivotal role within the precision diagnosis-and-treatment framework for CHB. The systematic construction of a multidimensional biomarker system is expected to support the realization of precision-driven goals in CHB management.