有机电化学晶体管材料、器件及功能
摘要
<p indent="0mm">The organic electrochemical transistors have attracted much attention due to their high sensitivity and potential to overcome the low-efficiency challenge posed by the von Neumann bottleneck of modern computation systems. Up to now, much effort has been focused on the development of high-performance devices that can be applied in flexible bioelectronics and biosensors. The performance of organic electrochemical transistors is mainly determined by the active layer, which needs to be carefully designed and optimized to achieve the best device performance. To address this issue, we have developed a series of novel conjugated polymers, oligomers, and small molecules to serve as active layers in organic electrochemical transistors, organic thermoelectric devices, and organic artificial synapses. Through backbone engineering, side chain engineering, and solvent engineering, the chemical structure, processing technology, and device structure have been fully optimized to achieve devices with high performance and good stability. For PDI-based n-type small molecules, a high-performance organic electrochemical transistor was achieved by isomerization of diPDI to obtain a highly twisted d-gdiPDI, which has a strong positive effect on the charge storage properties and thus on the performance of organic electrochemical transistors. It is worth mentioning that d-gdiPDI exhibits a high volumetric capacitance of <sc>657 F cm<sup>−3</sup>,</sc> which is the highest value reported to date for small-molecule OECT materials. For fused n-type small molecules based on naphthalene bis-isatin and rhodanine acceptor units, a high <italic>μC</italic><sup>*</sup> of 31.6 F cm<sup>−1</sup> V<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> was achieved by extending the molecular scaffold into the oligomer domain. By optimizing the energy level and side chain engineering of isoindigo-based polymers, organic electrochemical transistors with normalized values of <sc>4.09 F cm<sup>−1</sup> V<sup>−1</sup