植物交配系统与分子进化理论及其应用研究
摘要
<p indent="0mm">With the transition of plant mating system from outcrossing to selfing, both the flower traits and genomic structure develop into selfing syndromes. Here we systematically discussed the theoretical basis and the molecular mechanisms that form these characteristics, and analyzed the basic theory of the interactions between mating system and different evolutionary processes. Selfing results in decrease in the effective population size, mutation rate, recombination rate and selection efficacy, but increase in genetic drift effects and linkage disequilibrium. These theories are effective in explaining the patterns of the relative rate of nonsynonymous to synonymous mutations, the change of the number of transposable elements, the genetic correlation between multigene family members and the pattern of genomic structure. Although molecular markers are often employed to score mating system, studies of mating system and molecular evolution have been mainly in different research fields. Some questions of biological significance could arise from an integration of these two research fields, such as the mode of driving or reinforcing molecular mechanism of speciation that the mating system operates, the different models of molecular evolution between populations of selfing versus outcrossing system, and the distinct genomic structure between populations of the same species with different mating systems. Clarification of these questions aids in our understanding of the role that mating system plays in affecting molecular evolution within and between species.