On the asteroid-comet hazard mitigation problem for the earth
摘要
In frame of the asteroid-comet hazard problem study, a qualitative analysis of some methods for the effect on a celestial near-Earth object (NEO) -an asteroid, a comet - is carried out. The goal of the effect is a correction of this object' s orbit, its deflection from the Earth to prevent their collision. There are studied a mechanical impact-kinetic effect of the spacecraft ( SC), a thermonuclear effect, an effect on a cometary nucleus for a controlled change of its dusty mantle and, therefore, its sublimation activity. Qualitative models of these effects are developed. Numerical analysis results are given for a group of NEOs such as some asteroids from the Apollo family (Apollo, Castalia, Nereus, Orpheus, Phaethon, Toutatis, etc. ) and from the Aten family (Aten, Hathor, Khufu, etc. ) as well as some short-periodic comets like the comet P/Biela. There are studied some characteristics of the effects on the NEOs such as the velocity impulse ( or acceleration) applied to the celestial body, its deflection from the Earth. The study is supported by the Russian Foundation of Basic Studies (Grant N 01-01-00133).