[Biological characteristics of alien plants successful invasion].
摘要
How the traits of invasive plants determine their invasiveness is one of the major issues in invasion biology. Invasive plants usually have higher ability of adaptation, reproduction and dispersal, and thus, make them exploit a great diversity of habitats. Phenotypic plasticity and genetic differentiation are the two major strategies that alien invasive plants can adapt habitat heterogeneity. The polymorphism of invasive plants and the diversity of their dispersal way enable them occupying invaded habitat quickly, and dispersing with a far range. The breeding strategies that agamogenesis and amphigenesis can coexist and trade off according to the habitat and invasive stage can not only promote the invasive population erupted massively, but also directly affect the dispersal mechanism and regulate the genetic structure of the population. Efficient competition of resource utilization and interfering competition based on allelopathy make invasive plants more invasively.