农田土壤重金属污染“边生产边修复”综合防治技术模式解析
摘要
Heavy metal pollution in farmland soil is serious in China and poses a threat to the safety in agricultural production. Based on the integrated technology of “source controlling, process blocking, end remediation and safety production”, this paper concluded the current technologies and problems for “phytoremediation coupled with agro-production” of moderate and mild heavy metal polluted farmlands in China by literature review. For the sources controlling, the advantages and merits of the source apportionment methods and the field monitoring of heavy metal pollution sources were analyzed, and the application for the source identification methods and reduction technologies of pollution sources were clarified. Regarding the contaminated soil, we summarized the current applications of deactivators/activators and estimated the phytoextraction rate of heavy metals from the aboveground of accumulators/hyperaccumulators. The feasibility of the safety production technologies for heavy metal polluted farmlands was analyzed, which was based on planting low heavy metal accumulation varieties and changing crop systems. Finally, the related issues that need to be further studied on safety utilization of heavy metal polluted farmland soil were put forward.