Progress in Ecosystem Services of Grassland
摘要
The grassland biome covers an enormous fraction of the surface of the earth.Grassland ecosystem,as one of the most important parts of terrestrial ecosystem,plays an important role in global environment change.Grasslands produce an array of goods and services for mankind,but only a few of them have market value;simultaneously grassland ecosystems provide humans with many other vital and often unrecognized services.This paper reviews the research progress in grassland ecosystem services from different aspects including the ecological services of net primary product,carbon sink,atmospheric composition regulation,water holding,erosion control,soil melioration,and the maintenance of biodiversity based on great deal of former researches.There are several problems in the studies of grassland ecosystem services that include: 1) lack of dynamic research;2) neglect of spatial change of ecosystem services;3) lack of eco-economic logical frame of evaluation and calculation;4) no good assessment approaches for economic value;5) no consideration of ecosystem services change caused by human' activities;6) using the same approaches to evaluate different ecosystems;7) a few of researches focus on Chinese grassland ecosystems.So some priorities need more attention in future research of ecosystem services of grassland: 1) good eco-economic evaluating and calculating logical frame work;2) seeking for the scientific methods for different ecosystem types of grassland;3) research of ecosystem services change as a response of human activities;4) combining dynamic research and spatial change of ecosystem services with the methods of RS GIS.