Molecular Evolution of miR-34 Gene Family
摘要
miR-34 gene can regulate early development of mammalian. Using\nbioinformatics analysis of sequenced metazoan genomes, 54 miR-34 genes\nof 33 different animal species were found. Eighteen miR-34 genes were\nidentified in the first time, suggesting miRNA are highly conservative\nand widespread in Eukaryotes. Of these mir-34 gene homologues\nidentified in metazoan, 80% locate in the intergenic region, the others\nare in the intron or 3'UTR of protein-coding gene. miR-34 gene is\nconserved in various animals, and the mature sequences and precursors\nof mir-34 gene in metazoan analyzed share 68% and 38.89% sequence\nidentity, respectively. However there is only a mir-34 gene in\ninvertebrate and three mir-34 genes, mir-34a, mir-34b and mir-34c are\npresent in almost all vertebrate. The phylogenetic analysis reveals\nthat the miR-34 gene family of vertebrate originated from local and\ntandem duplications followed by mutation of individual base after\ndivergence from invertebrate.