Water Resources Security Appraisement of Haihe Basin
摘要
Using the water resources security appraisement indicator constructed in paper Regional water scarcity indicators and water resources security appraisement indicator system (Jia Shaofeng et, 2002), authors appraise the situation of water resources security of Haihe Basin Water resources security means the normal need of human living, economic production and ecological sustaining to water resources can be satisfied by affordable cost The local total water resources of Haihe Basin is 372 billion cubic meter while 6 bcm can be divided from Yellow River, so the total water resource available for Haihe Basin is 432 bcm Besides about 11 bcm for ecological requirement, 8 bcm difficult to use (depleting in the form of ground water evaporation), there is about 24 bcm of consumerable water resources in Haihe Basin But human living and economic production has consumed about 30 bcm per year The gap between consumerable water resources and real depletion is offset by over withdrawal of ground water, engrossing of ecological water requirement, using seawater and reusing polluted water Because of the over exploitation of water resources in Haihe Basin, the water resources development in Haihe Basin is not sustainable and there exists strong water resources insecurity in Haihe Basin But the water resources insecurity of Haihe Basin is not permanent but has the quality of temporal scarcity in the period of less precipitation In 1980's, averaged annual precipitation was 30% less than long term average In 1990's it's 4% less than long term average But in 1950's, it's 47% more than the average And in 1960's, it's 11% more than the average So, if a high water period comes, the water security situation in Haihe Basin will change much better Besides the water quantity problem, water quality problem is more serious to water resources security in Haihe Basin Allpervading water pollution and sewage irrigation has caused threat to water and food safety Water pol