A survey of Construction and Demolition Waste in Malaysia, Mixed-Use Development
摘要
Malaysia is witnessing a rapid development of its urban centers, and where construction and demolition (C&D) waste generation is increasing proportionally with the new construction industry development. Under current construction methods, with minimal recycling, with most C&D waste is dumped to the landfill. This study seeks to investigate the current waste generation rate in mixed-development projects within Malaysia, and the role of different construction methods in total waste generation. This study works around existing data limitations to develop a logical modeling that is predictive, practical and applicable to the construction industry in Malaysia. This study samples a total of eleven (11) construction sites. Of those sites sampled, six (6) projects use conventional construction method, four (4) projects use the mixture of system formwork and conventional construction method, and one (1) is the site of a demolition project. The theoretical framework developed in this study demonstrates the waste generation rate and the efficiency of construction method in influencing WGR. Waste generation rates estimated from this study serve as a measurable indicator to creating understanding of resource allocation and to provide the necessary foundation for future project planning, efficient material flow, site planning, and waste management planning, for development in an economically and environmentally sound manner.