微流体技术制备多级结构材料的研究进展
摘要
Hierarchically structured materials, which exhibit tailorable properties and multi-functionalization at the micro-scale, have recently attracted extensive attention. Microfluidic technique offers significant advantages such as unique micro-scale effects and versatile operation in the preparation of these materials, leading to successful fabrication of various materials with complex structure or unusual morphology. In China, many progresses have also been made in this area, some of which are extrodinory in terms of skillful design and configuration of the materials. Thus, it is quite necessary to summarize these progresses. This paper reviews the latest progresses and development in the preparation of hierarchically structured materials by microfluidic technique, with the emphasis put on those developed in China. Various synthesis methods such as interfacial polymerization, interfacial extraction, liquid-phase separation, multi-emulsions, etc., and the corresponding scientific principles behind these methods are introduced. The design of microfluidic devices and the structures of these as-synthesized hierarchical materials are also elucidated. The perspectives for future research and developments are also described.