The application of expansion foam on liquefied natural gas (LNG) to suppress LNG vapor and LNG pool fire thermal radiation
摘要
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) hazards include LNG flammable vapor dispersion and\nLNG pool fire thermal radiation. A large LNG pool fire emits high thermal radiation\nthus preventing fire fighters from approaching and extinguishing the fire. One of the\nstrategies used in the LNG industry and recommended by federal regulation National\nFire Protection Association (NFPA) 59A is to use expansion foam to suppress LNG\nvapors and to control LNG fire by reducing the fire size.\nIn its application, expansion foam effectiveness heavily depends on application rate,\ngenerator location, and LNG containment pit design. Complicated phenomena involved\nand previous studies have not completely filled the gaps increases the needs for LNG\nfield experiments involving expansion foam. In addition, alternative LNG vapor\ndispersion and pool fire suppression methodology, Foamglas® pool fire suppression\n(PFS), is investigated as well.\nThis dissertation details the research and experiment development. Results regarding\nimportant phenomena are presented and discussed. Foamglas® PFS effectiveness is\ndescribed. Recommendations for advancing current guidelines in LNG vapor dispersion\nand pool fire suppression methods are developed. The gaps are presented as the future\nwork and recommendation on how to do the experiment better in the future. This will\nbenefit LNG industries to enhance its safety system and to make LNG facilities safer.