影响纳米材料毒性的关键因素
摘要
With the development of nanotechnology, more and more commercial nanoproducts enter our daily life. Therefore, the toxicity of nanomaterials becomes an increasing concern. Recently, great progress has been achieved in this field, which includes in vitro and in vivo experimental studies of the interactions between nanomaterials and biomacromolecules, cells, tissues and organs, and the toxicity they caused. Series of toxic effects of nanomaterials are caused by some mechanisms, such as the oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, autophagy, and so on. These toxic effects are crucially affected by the intrinsic physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, which include size, shape, surface charge, surface modification, chemical composition, metal impurities, agglomeration and dispersion, degradation, and the formation of “protein corona”. Therefore, it is highly significant to illuminate these effects caused by different properties for designing nanomaterials rationally and applying them safely. In this review, we summarize and analyze the key factors which influence the toxicity of nanomaterials and the related research progress in recent ten years.