RISK MANAGEMENT IN MARINE TRANSPORTATION OF LNG
摘要
A discussion of LNG hazards and means to assure a safe marine transportation system for LNG covers aspects of marine LNG spills (size, rate, duration, evaporation and dispersion, ignition of vapor, flash and poolfire, and explosion); different risk zones around an LNG carrier; present regulations pertaining to ship design, construction and operation, personnel training, and siting of shore installations; a stepwise model of risk management which cover a definition of the LNG transportation system which includes both terminals, identification of hazards, their causes and consequences, the probability and cost of consequences, identification of measures for reducing risk, the effectiveness of each individual measure, cost, cost-effectiveness, and finally, implementation of the selected control; and the usefulness of such a systematic approach as a basis for rational discussion of safety matters with the general public, authorities, and the industry.