Phenotypic Diversity Analysis for Salinity Tolerance of Tunisian Barley Populations (Hordeum vulgare L.)
摘要
Salinity is one of the major constraints limiting the yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in Tunisia especially local barley. During 2010, a total of one hundred and twenty accessions collected from four regions were evaluated in a field conditions in two contrasting environments; rain fed and irrigated with high water salinity respectively using an augmented design model. In rain fed conditions, PCA discriminate the local barley according to their end use; Souihli and Arbi landraces as fodder barley and Ardhaoui landraces as food and feed. In salinity conditions, Ardhaoui population originally collected from low altitude (Zarzis, Medenine and Ben Guerden) is a salt tolerant landrace and display differential mechanisms for salt tolerance. Zarzis and Medenine landraces displayed a high biomass and high seed number suggesting that tolerance is due to an efficient seed translocation. The Ben Guerden landrace displayed a high harvest index and early flowering date suggesting that the tolerance is due to maintenance of low floral abortion. These results are prerequisite for developing tolerant varieties by crossing the best accessions possessing a good biomass and high fertility with accessions showing a high harvest index.