An approach for predicting the toxicity of smoke
摘要
The N-GAS model for predicting smoke toxicity has been proposed for many years by NIST.However,almost all the existing CFD software cannot accurately predict the toxicity of smoke using the model because of the absence of the toxic gas concentration of HCN,NO x,HCl and HBr.In this work,an approach for predicting fire smoke toxicity was developed and demonstrated.A detailed mechanism including these fire effluents was constructed firstly,and the subsequent generation of state relationship among fire effluents,mixture fraction and strain rate was conducted by using opposed-flow flame technique.A mixture fraction-based combustion model used in FDS code was modified,and meanwhile the scalar dissipation rate transport equation was numerically solved.Thus the concentration of fire effluents as the function of mixture fraction and scalar dissipation rate can be calculated through a look-up table,and the toxic potency based on the 7-gas model can be obtained.The method was applied into an underground commercial street in Chongqing.It showed that the results between the 7-gas model and 3-gas model(CO,CO 2,and O 2) were obviously different.It indicated that there needs some modifications in conclusions and results from 3-gas model for fire-risk assessments.