Effects of Four Pesticides on Grain Growth Parameters of Rice
摘要
Effect of four commonly used pesticides, triadlmefon, jingganmycin, triazoplos and imidacloprid, on grain growth parameters was examined using a growth equation in the present paper. Two hundreds of spikes, not damaged by pests were simultaneously marked per plot during the heading stage of rice. Rice plants were sprayed at 1 d after marking.Thereafter, 20 spikes were sampled at 4 d intervals and dried in an oven. Then, 10 superior and inferior grains were picked from each spike, and brown rice was weighed after shelling, respectively. First, second and third order derivates were deduced from the following grain growth formula:W=K/1+ea-bt , where W was the weight of 100 grains brown rice at time t; K was maximum of grain growth; a and b were parameters of the formula. The parameters were calculated as following:R0=Kbea/ (1 + ea)2 ,△ t=t2-t1,GT=bk/4(t2-t1)=Vmax(t2-t1),Vmax=bk/4Where R0, △t, GT and Vmax were initial growth power, active growth stage, accumulative weight of dried content during △ t and maximum growth rate, respectively. The result showed that GT and K of superior grain following 22.5 and 45 ga.i. ha-1 of imidacloprid sprays were significantly reduced, and △t was significantly decreased for 112.5 and 225ga.i. ha-1 jingganmycin treatments. In addition, the high dose of imidacloprid significantly reduced the weight of 1 000 rice grains by 9.77%. However, there was no significant difference for the weight of 1 000 grains between the high dose of jingganmycin and thecontrol, indicating that effective duration of jingganmycin on grain filling was shorterthan that of imidacloprid.